Social Stratification And Its Effects On Physical And...

For as long as there has awareness of physical differences in people there has been social stratification. Social stratification is the separation of based on physical and mental differences. Every society exhibits a pattern of separation between its people. We will focus mainly on the United States and how they organize people based on the three main organizing principles, class, race, and gender. Social class is defines as â€Å"the grouping of individuals by economic position† (Larkin, Para. 9). Members of each social class share similar income, wealth, lifestyle, social norms, behaviors, and life opportunities. Sociology theorists Dennis Gilbert and Joseph A. Kahl developed a six class stratification system by grouping individuals by education, income, and occupation. The six classes are capitalist or elites, upper middle class, lower middle class, working class, working-poor class, and underclass. There is a huge difference in the income and education levels between the capitalist class and the underclass. The capitalist class, for example, makes on average about two to four million dollars per year, while the underclass makes less than twelve thousand per year. The one percent of people in the capitalist class have high degrees of education from well known, prestigious universities, while the underclass, the bottom five percent of people, may sometimes not even have a high school diploma. It is very difficult for someone to move up a class, but is easy from someone toShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Social Stratification On Minorities1195 Words   |  5 Pages†¨During the course of this class I have learned about social problems within the society in which we live and around the world. It is disturbing to learn that poverty, social inequality, race and cultural discrimination, gender stratification, environmental damage, population growth, and urbanization are among the social problems and controversial issues that still exist in the United Sta tes. What is Social Stratification Social stratification is defined as a system by which society ranks categoriesRead MoreAge Stratification1183 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Social stratification is not a new phenomenon; its roots extends far back into antiquity with some contending that archaeological evidence reveals that social stratification existed in Cro-Magnon society 10,000 or more years ago (Tattersall 1998:178). Social stratification may be based on many attributes; according to Arredondo Biological differences can produce, directly or indirectly, social stratification by factors such as age, gender, race, or socioeconomic status. Age stratification andRead MoreThe Impact of Social Class and Stratification1728 Words   |  7 Pages101 30 November, 2010 The Impact of Social Class/Stratification Stratification and the division of people into social classes is a fundamental part of American society. Stratification is a concept that is universal; it is found in every country, every nation of the world. It is a system in which large groups of people, not individuals, are divided into different layers according to their relative property, power, and prestige. Stratification applies not only to the different nationsRead MoreStratification And Social Mobility On A Person s Chances For A Higher Life Expectancy Essay1681 Words   |  7 Pagesidea that stratification and social mobility can influence a person’s chances for a higher life expectancy is very possible. The concept of â€Å"stratification is defined as the structural ranking of an entire group of people that maintains unequal economic benefits and power within society.† This system allows individuals opportunities only based on the tier that they occupy. â€Å"There are four major systems of stratifica tion which are slavery, caste, estate and class.† â€Å"The current stratification withinRead More Socialization and Social Stratification Essay1927 Words   |  8 Pagesappropriate and accepted values, attitudes and behaviours of their society. Nevertheless, separate groups exist within societies for reasons including ethnicity, class and culture and these can bring their own set of ‘norms’. Bond and Bond in Sociology and Social Care (2009 pg28) states â€Å"From the cradle to the grave we are being socialised†. Primary socialisation occurs from infancy to early adulthood. Secondary socialisation follows into the later stages of maturity. Anticipatory socialisation is where weRead MoreThe Sociological World : Functionalism, Conflict Theory, And Symbolic Interactionism978 Words   |  4 Pages(Mills, 1959). There are three main theoretical perspectives in the sociological world: functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. Functionalist â€Å"see society as a structure of interrelated parts designed to meet the biological and social needs of the individuals in that society† (Keirns et al., 2015, p.15). Conflict theorists see society â€Å"as a competition for limited resources† (Keirns et al., 2015, p. 16), while symbolic interactionist focus on the relationships among individualsRead MoreRelationship Between Suicide Contemplation And Early Life And The Patients Physical Health, Disability, And Social Support1407 Words   |  6 Pagesthe highest rate of suicide. These two growing incidences make the issue of late-life suicide a major health priority. Depression is one of the most common mental disorders that are experienced by the older adult, which has a strong association to suicide rate. Too often depression is under reported and older adults do not seek treatment for mental health problems. Assessing for risk factors for potential suicide in the elderly is a necessary part of proper health care. Suicide is 100% preventable andRead MoreUnderstanding Of Psychosocial Perspectives Within Health And Social Care2159 Words   |  9 Pageshealth and social care In this assignment I aim to discuss the sociological and psychological theories applicable to mental health practice. The sociological theories I will discuss are poverty and social stratification and the psychological theories will be attachment and social learning. I will base this on the John case study and will also look at the social, cultural, environmental and psychological factors that may have had an impact on his behaviour. I will then look at a range of social structuresRead MoreMedia, Youth And Culture : Application Of Theory1664 Words   |  7 PagesInteraction. Both gender identities will test the typical affiliated gender stereotype; which are created by social interactions – what a person sees and interprets in their world is what they believe and act accordingly to. The media has a very powerful effect on culture. Media has the ability to shape societal structures and operations. Dominant media forms (such as television and social media – the mediums) have assisted in the construction of gender roles and generalised norms. (Udel.edu) AdvertisingRead MoreWalk A Thon : Family Violence843 Words   |  4 Pagesparticipated in the walk, I had a least four people wondering what the was purpose of the walk. Having people come out and supporting a cause makes a huge difference because it lets people know that their not alone and people are here to help them in their time of need. It s important for us as a community to address family violence because its effects individuals mentally and physically in a negative manner that causes them to lack interaction in the community. Unfortunately for some individuals, home

The Terrible Trade Of The Slave Trade - 2289 Words

Maddie Long Mrs. Smith Research Essay 19 October 2015 The Terrible Trade Screams for relief, cries for comfort, and moans for death all revolved around the slave trade. The slave trade is an event that not only impacted Africa, but the whole world. This essay will explain how cultures were ruined and families were torn apart. The slave trade has influenced history worldwide because it has impacted countries economically, socially, and politically. The Middle Passage received its name because it is in the middle of the Triangular Trade. Legs of the triangular trade stretch from Europe to Africa, Africa to the Western Hemisphere, then back to Europe again. This was a great route for Europeans to get ships around the world quickly and efficiently. This is how the slave trade began (Meltzer 9). Most everyone in the world today has a descendent from slavery. Enslavement is a human being that is possessed by someone else, who does labor for free unwillingly. An owner could range from a King, Queen, Noble, Tribe, Government, Clergy, or Business owner. Slaves were considered similar to horses in a way because they could be bought, sold, hired out, exchanged, given as a gift, or inherited (Meltzer 9-1). The slave trade was more than five hundred miles long from Africa to the Americas. At least 30,000-55,000 ships went through the middle passage in the time of 1508-1888. In addition, only 9,778,500 out of the 11,698,000 slaves made it to the Americas. Slavery has been dated backShow MoreRelatedThe Terrible Trade Of The Slave Trade2324 Words   |  10 PagesMaddie Long Mrs. Smith Pre-AP English 10 19 October 2015 The Terrible Trade Screams for relief, cries for comfort, and moans for death all revolved around the slave trade. The slave trade is an event that not only impacted Africa, but the whole world even still today. This essay will explain how cultures were ruined and families were torn apart. The slave trade has influenced history worldwide because it has impacted continents economically, socially, and politically. The Middle Passage receivedRead MoreThe Decline Of The Slave Trade1107 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom slaves caused African slaves to be traded. European empires desperately wanted power, and to gain power, they needed money. At the time, they thought trading African slaves was the easiest way to gain money and eventually reach their biggest goal, power. Power was the biggest goal for all empires. As a result, this began the Atlantic slave trade. The Atlantic slave trade was the biggest deportation in history. Often called the first system of globalization was the Atlantic slave trade. ThisRead MoreAfricans in America: the Terrible Transformation Response/Reflection1605 Words   |  7 PagesAfricans in America: The Terrible Transformation Response/Reflection The video titled Africans in America: The Terrible Transformation thoroughly reassesses the history of slavery. The documentary tells of how slavery was brought to America, and of the conditions under which these slaves were forced to live. The trade that began in Africa was not initially focused on trading humans, but rather on gold. Gradually, the British took control and started trafficking Africans to their colonies in AmericaRead MoreSlavery And Its Effects On Society Essay1743 Words   |  7 PagesAmericans, where they suffered cruel treatment. They were set in terrible conditions, were closer to death due to the fact that the ships contained diseases. The ship s contained mucus and other bodily fluids, which tortured slaves since they were living in an environment filled with bad germs that could really affect their health. Every day slaves were beaten up, discriminated and treated they were treated like non living human beings. Slaves were hated, to the point where there would be blood and coldRead MoreEssay about African Slave Trade1187 Words   |  5 PagesThe impact on the African slave trade during 16th centuries to 19th centuries was huge. The economy of those countries which allowed African slave trade grew bigger and bigger. For instance, America, a huge land that had nothing before the trade, started to gain some profit out of farming and increased hugely on population. They used a big amount of African slaves to farm and work. And this created the economy better in America. Also Europeans, which were only one million people brought up 5.5 millionRead More Slavery Essay1534 Words   |  7 Pagesthe history of slavery in America, and the terrible unfair reality that slaves had to deal with. When the Meso American, or the Middle American natives first encountered the Europeans, they were very familiar with slavery. Among the most advanced civilizations in Central America was the Aztecs and Maya. In these places slavery, although not necessary, was common. The Aztec used the the same methods for getting slaves as other cultures. Slaves were prisoners of war, criminals, debtors,Read MoreWhat A Terrible Blight That Would Be On The Heart Of A Free, Intelligent Father889 Words   |  4 PagesWhen slaves married, if the bride was still a slave, the slave owner would retain ownership of the family’s children, who would have to follow the mother’s condition of slavery. Even though slaves would often dream of freedom, they had little hope in a future that looked so discouraging. Linda said of her master, â€Å"He had an iron will, and was determined to keep me, and to conquer me.† Then, about her lover, she said, â€Å"Even if he could have obtained permission to marry me while I was a slave, theRead MoreWhy Did Slave Trading Intensify in Nineteenth-Century East Africa?1103 Words   |  5 Pagesthe 19th century the East Africa was marked by the sadness event of slave trading in response to larger demanding markets. For a long time the exportation of slaves was made through the Red Sea and Indian Ocean to supply the Muslin world. However there was a greatly expansion of slave trades to the Atlantic ocean during 19th century. The slave trading increase during the 19th century due to the fact that the exportation of slaves was a profitable business, more than five times the export of ivoryRead MoreThe Difficult and Devastating Lives of African People725 Words   |  3 Pageswere the most common day for Africans. Until, the middle passage emerged, also known as the Slave Trade. Africans were taken through a devastating ride through history in the making. Africans were kidnapped out of nowhere by the â€Å"white men†. The British, the Europeans, the Caucasian all took part of this â€Å"middle passage era†. Africans were taken two by two, and singled file up the docks of the slave ships. Frozen in shock could not even compare what the feelings, and the thoughts of the AfricansRead MoreSocial Studies Coursework868 Words   |  4 Pages Africans became slaves in several ways. Describe three (3) ways in which Africans became slaves. [10 marks] Answer Slavery is the state of being under the control of another person and is a form of forced labor in which people are considered to be, or treated as the property of others. As Source B says, slavery existed in West Africa before the Europeans went there. Black People were the slaves of other black people. Before that time in Europe

Accounting for Managers Global Reporting Framework

Question: Describe about the Accounting for Managers for Global Reporting Framework. Answer: Introduction The Global reporting framework is the most widely used Global Reporting initiative that gives direction to the company. This guideline helps the companies to improve their disclosure relating to the sustainability (Milne Gray, 2013). In Australia Blackmore is one of the largest health care businesses. In this, report the social and environmental impact of the operation of Blackmore is discussed. The guidelines of the GRI and the changes that are required to be made in the annual report are also discussed in this report. The benefit that will be derived by the shareholders, potential investors and other stakeholders of Blackmores on implementing the GRI guidelines is also highlighted in this report. Blackmores features History Maurice Blackmore established the Blackmore Company in 1932 and it has now become the leading health care company in Australia. The founder had a strong believe on preventive measures, natural health and recycling process so he led the way in developing a health care system based on these principles. The company opened its first health food store in Brisbane in 1938 and by 1985; it has become a public listed company (Bebbington et al., 2014). The company has a history and reputation of providing best quality product and services to its customers. The main aim of the company is to gain the leadership position in the health market and to achieve growth and success for shareholders and other stake holders. Size The company is listed in ASX and it has a market capitalization of $2.3 million. The market of the company was rapidly expanding in Asia and the company was unable to maintain the stock. In order to overcome this problem the company has entered into partnership agreement and invested heavily in the capacity building of the company (Ioannou Serafeim, 2014). In order to maintain the stock of the product in the vulnerable market the company is also maintaining inventory of scare material. In 2016, the company has experienced an increase of sale of 52% during the year and the total operational and sales related expenses incurred are of $454.00 and $225.00 million during the year. The operational and the sales related expenses have increased by 43% and 46% respectively during the year. This increase in expense shows that the company is focused in product innovation and sales. There has been a positive effect of the heavy expenditure as can be seen that in the last 12 months that the company has managed to produce 486 million tablets and 43 million capsules. This tablets and capsule were then shipped to the 25000 retail partners around the globe (Lozano, 2013). This shows that the demands of the companys product are continuously increasing. In order to address the increasing demand the company is continuously undertaking various capacity building measures and to main the quality of the standard. The company has also increased the staff and has changed the packaging facil ity to suit the increasing demanding. The company in order to maintain the high quality of product chooses supplier after appropriately auditing the supplier. The company increased the warehouse facility so that demand of the domestic and international market can be met. The company has also increased the production capacity from 4000 tablets to 13000 tablets per minute by heavily investing in the plant and equipment (Fonseca et al., 2014). Locations of the Blackmores The head office of the Blackmore is New South Wales in Australia and the company has also office in another states like west Australia, Victoria, Queensland and South Australia. The company also has its operations in the regional areas of the states. The company also has its operation in many different countries like Hong Kong, China, Indonesia, Vietnam, Singapore, Japan, Thailand and many other countries. Product of the Blackmores The company has more than 250 health products of vitamin, mineral and herbal products that is of highest quality. The company has uniquely combined the modern and traditional method of medicine for providing the best health care facility across the globe. The company produces range of product and the ingredients provided are sourced from around the world (Eccles et al., 2012). The products that are made by the company comply with all the rules provided in the Australian Manufacturing standards and the company at regular intervals conducts quality checks of the products. Environmental and social impact The company for its wide range of product is heavily dependent on natural environment. The company is therefore committed in performing operation in an environmentally sustainable manner. The sustainable environment means progressing economically or developing without damaging or affecting the environment. The Blackmore focuses on environmental protection by incorporating sustainable development in the corporate governance responsibility in the community and workplace (Alonso?Almeida et al., 2014). Impact on Environment In order to minimize the impact of its operation on the environment the company is continuously engaged in innovation and exploring alternative ways of reducing the impact on the environment. The company has signed the Australian packaging convent in order to reduce the impact of the packing operation in the environment. The operating culture of the business is changing with the combined effort of the community, business and government so that a sustainable packaging solution for the business could be established. In order to reduce the waste the company uses glass for packaging its product so that impact of the environment could be reduced. The company has initiated a process of close loop in the year 2014 for bulk deliveries in the packaging facility. This initiative had helped the company to reduce the waste and cost of the company as a result the operating efficiency of the company has increased. The company has also adopted a process of paper less order picking to make its opera tion more environmental friendly. The environmentally sustainable features were adopted in the headquarters of the company by using its own electricity generating plant that runs parallel to the local grid. The company in local environment also helps in promoting bio diversity (Maas et al., 2016). Impact on Society The company followed the principle that if the people are taken care of then the people will take care of other issues. Based on this principle the company is committed for a long term social relationship. The company through education, social participation and research is positively influencing the society and promoting its corporate values. The company is also building global and local partnership so that a healthy and a wealthy culture could be established. The objective of the company is to develop a supportive workforce, marketplace and community. The company supports more than 50 charitable institutes and many individual for creating a better future. Guideline of GRI The Global Reporting initiative has launched the G4 sustainability report so that it is helpful for the shareholders and reporters. The organizations that are preparing the sustainability report the guidance is provided in the GRI guideline that is applicable to all the organization. The guideline requires the organization to disclose the information that are critical to the business operation and has impact on the environment, economy and society. The guideline further states that the impact may be positive or negative but both are required to be disclosed by the organization. This has helped to analyze the opportunities and risk by providing standardized and reliable information. These guidelines are designed in such a way that it can be implemented in any type of organization around the world. In 2001, GRI has recommended a report structure that has six key elements they are CEO statement, executive summary, profile of organization, key indicators, strategy and vision, management policies and performance. The executive summary statement was removed in 2002 and the CEO statement was removed to the vision and strategy sections. It is also provided in the guideline that the company is required to consult with the stakeholders and this consultation should be reported. The sustainability report aims to provide new opportunity for change and helps to make a better social development by providing long-term sustainable financial performance of the company. Blackmore has prepared the first sustainability report in 2016. It provided a basis for future reporting and the report was prepared after consulting with the stakeholders. Analysis of GAP The guidelines provided in the G4 for sustainability reporting should be applied in preparing the report. The contents of the report should have the following: The relevant areas should be identified and their effect on the activities should be assessed; The impact should be analyzed to identify whether it has occurred within the organization or outside the organization; The aspects that are identified should be prioritizing based on materiality and the decision should be made how much coverage is to be given. The approach of the management should be disclosed; The key indicators that has material aspect should be disclosed; The sustainability report was first implemented in the year 2016 so the annual report prior to this are analyzed. The information gap that is in annual report is unearthed by this analysis. The materiality is given more emphasis in the G4 sustainability report. The guidelines in the GRI states that the content of the report should provide in details the matters that are more critical. The report therefore should be focused on Material Aspect and the materiality should be maintained throughout the report. The initiatives that are taken by the management for addressing the material aspect should also be included in the report and it is provided under the heading Disclosure on management approach. The process of identifying the material aspect, the impact of the material aspect identified and the stakeholders that are involved in the process are provided in the report. The annual report of 2015 was not prepared in accordance with the GRI guideline. Therefore the report does not include the identification of material aspect and no disclosure of the management approach was also provided in the report. If the company would have followed the guideline then the above-mentioned topics should have been included in the annual report. The guidelines require the company to evaluate the impact of the material aspect. This process is known as boundary. If the annual report of the company is to be prepared in accordance with the GRI guideline then it should contain the process that is applied to assess the impact. The companies should maintain the document and the process should be highlighted in the annual report. The guideline states that the report of the company should be prepared by following any of the two methods (Antonia et al., 2013). The first method is in accordance level and the second method is without using the in accordance level and by just complying with the GRI guidelines. The supply chain issue is given more importance in the GRI guideline. The company is required to disclose the environmental and social impact of the supply chain management. The company is required to disclose the following as per the guideline: The procedure for selecting supplier particularly the screening process relating to their social and environmental impact; The identification of the impact of the supply chain whether positive or negative; The action that are taken by the company to minimize the impact; GRI Benefit The guidelines of the GRI provide a framework that highlights the issues relating to the society, environment and economy. It is a popular method of providing reporting and as a result, the comparability among the different organization is increased. The accountability of the company is increased by following the guideline. The trust between the companies and stakeholders are increased by the sustainability report. The potential investors those are sensitive to the environmental impact makes investment decision based on the sustainable business practice. The GRI guideline has provided more focus on the supply chain therefore it ensures that equal attention is given to all the stakeholder and not the investors. Conclusion This study has shown that GRI guidelines related to the sustainability reporting is an integral part of the holistic reporting. The reputation and the efficiency of the company increases if the reporting is based on the guidelines. It can be concluded that the Blackmores has gained immensely from the implementation of the sustainability reporting guidelines. Part B Byron Bay established Global Therapeutics in the year 1999. The company has ancient Chinese medicine and modern scientific medicines as its combination of the product line. The major expenses of the company after analyzing the financial statements is attributed to the expenses relating to the employee benefit and the inventories cost that are being sold and the other expenses comes from the operation of the lease payments of operations. The other expenses of the company in regard to its current costs of operation are the distribution and selling cost. Cost behavior is nothing but the changes that occur in the different types of cost due to the changes in the level of production. According to the cost behavior, there exist three types of cost that is variable cost, semi variable cost and fixed cost. The variable cost changes with the change in the level of production and the cost increases with the increase in the unit of output produced and decrease with the decrease in the output. The variable cost per unit that is the average variable cost does not change and remains constant. Semi variable cost is the mixture of both the fixed and the variable cost (Clinto et al., 2012). The telephonic expense is regarded as the semi variable cost. Fixed cost on the other hand remains fixed irrespective of the changes in the level of output. This cost is incurred by the organization if it does produce any level of output. The cost of operation identified in case of Global Therapeutics are expense related to employees, inventory cost and lease payment. Here, semi variable cost is employee related expense, the fixed cost is the lease payment, and the inventory cost is the variable cost (DRURY, 2013). In order to evaluate the desirability of the break even analysis for Global Therapeutic acquisition, it is essential to understand the advantages and disadvantages of the break even analysis. Break even analysis is nothing but the analyzing the relationship between the cost and profit. Advantages of Break even analysis: Change in the selling price can be easily predicted Loss and profits can be measured at different level of sales and production The relationship between the fixed and variable cost is analyzed using this tool Disadvantages of break even analysis: Time consuming process The sales price is assumed to be constant The tool is applicable to one product and one mix product The break even analysis helps in generating the profit to the business after evaluating and identifying the excessive fixed and reducing it accordingly. The cost behavior of the acquired business needs to be appropriately analyzed. The inefficiencies of the business would be identifying the excess cost and reducing it. The only factor to be considered in decision making is the achievement of the break even early and the fixed cost reduction. The break even analysis is considered suitable if the primary decision making of the business in the short term is profitability (Horngren et al., 2013). The organization is able to align the activities with the vision statement by suing the planning and strategic management tool of balanced scorecard which makes the organizations holistic view. The business is analyzed into internal, financial, customer, business process, growth and learning using the approach of balanced score card (Kaplan Atkinson, 2015). Customer perspective: Customer satisfaction is of primary importance in this regard as this would help in gaining the market share. If the medicines launched by the business helps in curing the disease and is authentic then the company would easily achieve customer satisfaction. The company needs to do the marketing aggressively to capture the share of the market (Merchant, 2012). Financial perspective: The objective of the company from the financial perspective is increase the return on capital employed and triggers the growth in sales. The company needs to create the distribution channel with the practitioner of Chinese medicine and increasing the expense on advertising of the Chinese medicine. The company would be able to generate the profits by increasing sales of medicines and reducing the cost and thereby increasing the return on capital employed (Luft, 2015). Internal business process: The management of the inventory and the modernization of the process involved is the objective of the business under this perspective. The company needs to be prudent in employing techniques as the medicines are based on ancient process. The inventories are needed to be properly accounted either on the basis of LIFO and FIFO if the objective of the inventory management needs to be attained (Shields, 2015). Perception of learning and growth: Under this perceptive, the learning and training opportunities of the employees and the satisfaction of the jobs of employees are the two objectives. The company needs to provide the educational and training facilities to the employees and the company should provide the best environment for the employees to work in and the jobs suited to the expertise of the employees should be provided (Nasseri et al., 2016). Part C a) calculation of Breakeven point and sales Particulars Protein Shakes Power up Vitamin Recharge bars Fixed Costs $ 58,783.78 $ 58,783.78 $ 27,432.43 Contribution per unit $ 4.35 $ 5.55 $ 2.80 Breakeven point 13512 10590 9794 Break even sales $ 105,392.81 $ 100,609.41 $ 54,849.19 b) calculation of profit after tax Particulars Protein Shakes Power up Vitamin Recharge bars Units 15000 15000 21781 Selling Price per unit $ 7.80 $ 9.50 $ 5.60 Sales $ 117,000.00 $ 142,500.00 $ 121,973.60 Less: Variable costs Ingredient costs $ (46,500.00) $ (54,000.00) $ (59,897.75) packaging costs $ (5,250.00) $ (5,250.00) $ (1,089.05) Contribution $ 65,257.80 $ 83,259.50 $ 60,992.40 less: Fixed costs $ (42,003.82) $ (42,003.82) $ (60,992.35) Profit Before Tax $ 23,253.98 $ 41,255.68 $ 0.05 Less: tax @30% $ (6,976.19) $ (12,376.70) $ - Profit After tax $ 16,277.78 $ 28,878.97 $ 0.05 Suggestions for the strategic alternative To: Retail head of Blackmores From: Strategic consultant Date: 06.10.2016 Subject: Suggesting the alternative changes Introduction The memo is intended to show the initiatives, which are required to be achieved. The requirement is related to provide the attainment of the breakeven in the initial stages and increase the overall profit. Strategic initiatives The level of breakeven can be attained in the early stages by making an increment in the contribution. Moreover, the increasing contribution will able to reduce the variable cost or make an increase in sales price. The increase in the selling price will decrease the competitive edge and increasing the marked price is not an option. The companies can look forward in reducing the cost excess expenses. In the event of excess expenses company should look forward to reduce the same for generating more profit and achievement of the early breakeven sales. Company can also consider increasing the overall sales (Bebbington Thomson 2013). The analysis of Profit after tax (PAT) except recharge all the products are able to make profit. Additionally the recharge bar is observed to show a positive contribution, at the same time making a net loss. It has been observed that the recharge bar attains the break even at the level 27181 units. Hence, the company should at least consider selling the afor ementioned number of units to increase the profit and reduce costs. Conclusion The analysis shows that the company should increase its sales to increase the profit. The estimates show that the profit of the company will increase by the implementation of the strategy. Reference Alonso?Almeida, M., Llach, J., Marimon, F. (2014). A closer look at the Global Reporting Initiativesustainability reporting as a tool to implement environmental and social policies: A worldwide sector analysis.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,21(6), 318-335. Antonia Garca-Benau, M., Sierra-Garcia, L., Zorio, A. (2013). Financial crisis impact on sustainability reporting.Management decision,51(7), 1528-1542. Bebbington, J., Thomson, I. (2013). 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(2013).Introduction to management accounting. Pearson Higher Ed. Ioannou, I., Serafeim, G. (2014). The consequences of mandatory corporate sustainability reporting: evidence from four countries.Harvard Business School Research Working Paper, (11-100). Kaplan, R. S., Atkinson, A. A. (2015).Advanced management accounting. PHI Learning. Lozano, R. (2013). Sustainability inter-linkages in reporting vindicated: a study of European companies.Journal of Cleaner Production,51, 57-65. Luft, J. (2015). Competition, cooperation, and information: Management accounting through the lens of experiments. InManagement Accounting Research 25th Anniversary Conference. Maas, K., Schaltegger, S., Crutzen, N. (2016). Advancing the integrating corporate sustainability measurement, management and reporting.Journal of Cleaner Production. Manetti, G., Toccafondi, S. (2012). The role of stakeholders in sustainability reporting assurance.Journal of Business Ethics,107(3), 363-377. Merchant, K. A. (2012). Making management accounting research more useful.Pacific Accounting Review,24(3), 334-356. Milne, M. J., Gray, R. (2013). W (h) ither ecology? The triple bottom line, the global reporting initiative, and corporate sustainability reporting.Journal of business ethics,118(1), 13-29. Nasseri, A., Yazdifar, H., Askarany, D. (2016). Management accounting education for the 21st Century firms.International Journal of Finance and Managerial Accounting,1(1), 75-77. Shields, M. D. (2015). Established management accounting knowledge.Journal of Management Accounting Research,27(1), 123-132. Ward, K. (2012).Strategic management accounting. Routledge. Webster, W. H. (2016). Accounting for managers.

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10 Useful Tips for Successful Students When you go to university, you may be surprised by the fact that your tasks become much more diverse than they’ve used to be. Some features of your higher education may remind you previous years. The difference the academic level. For example, you may notice that:Remembering is not as important as your ability to think critically and understand theory.Now you are more independent because you can choose when to study and what to focus on.We decided to explain to you what things are most important for your success in academic studies so that you can understand what information to search for.First of all, it’s you who decides what and when to do things. Sometimes it turns out that you have same deadlines for several assignments, so you may need to plan your work in advance. Otherwise, you may find yourself rushing in panic. If you’re not sure how to cope with some assignments, there are many online sources and programs that can become your advisers. You also should n’t forget about your programmer tutor. If you want to get an advice, ask the Study Advice Team, or consider getting help from a personal tutor.Stay informed. Note and keep in mind such details of your education as guidelines, timetables, and locations of your classes. There is no one who could do it for you. If you don’t know where to find some information — check your programmer of study first of all. Ensure constant convenient access to all necessary schedules and materials.You can’t know everything. You would need to spend the whole life sitting in a library to read all sources devoted to some subject. It’s better to read a few texts with attention than to try read as much as you can, sacrificing the quality of such studying. If you cannot find some source in a library, ask for something equally valuable.Make your notes useful. Our previous advice is about your ability to focus on what is really important. The same applies to everything that yo ur teacher says. Don’t try to write down everything that you hear. Select really important points and note all useful details. Just make sure that you’ve written what is necessary, and don’t be afraid to note your own thoughts that may help you in the future. However, you shouldn’t forget that these are your own thoughts.Develop your own ideas. Think about any subject and ask yourself, what do you think about it? After this, ask yourself what exactly made you take such a position regarding this subject? This is a good exercise that will help you learn how to develop arguments, understanding what evidence can support your point. Involve your logic, use your experience and use information that you’ve found in other sources. By practicing this way of thinking, you will always work with arguments using your own methods of analysis, so your arguments will be original and you won’t have problems with searching for evidence. Just follow a simple lo gic: what you want to say, why you think so, where you found the information that gave you such an idea, and how it works.Your education at university isn’t about how much knowledge you have, but about how you understand things that you know. Thus, you must know major issues and organize your thoughts in an appropriate context.Be critical about any information that you find, ask yourself why you agree with it or no. Don’t forget that if you found some idea in the book, or if your lecturer said that — it doesn’t mean that this opinion is correct.Use references correctly. You will need to cite many sources, writing bibliographies and supporting your arguments in academic papers. You must cite everything that you include as a direct quote or as a paraphrase, as well as when you just use someone else idea. Don’t make your quotes too long — short quotes work much better, and they are easier to read. Make sure that your quotes are really related t o the topic of your paper. Use a citation style that is preferred by your department.Don’t be afraid to ask for help. When you go to university, it may be hard to get used to new subjects and schedule. Be honest with you and ask for help if you need it. An understanding of your strong and weak sides is a very useful and important skill that you will need in your future career. Ask your tutor to clarify everything you’re not sure about, or order professional help online.Improve your skills. As your skills and knowledge develop, your academic performance improves as well. Take into account what your tutors say, and work your way to success!